Which reaction converts mo xu4p ix:vwr/ov55xa 43tw vm:nosaccharides into disaccharides?

  1.State the reaction that o y ;(rhfri/lxjhs2+tf )l.5 aforms disaccharides from monosaccharides.
   OR dehydration synthesis

2.Draw the products of the reaction between the two monosaccharides shown in the diagram below.

  What is the substrate forafozvq sm9ws ohh+*1m;/a.z9 the enzyme lactase?

  Biomolecules have diverse forms and struct) wan0xd6q hdm3-cax, 3:fearures. Which of the following statements is fa:-nx aradc)e 3dx 6am3qw0fh, lse?

  A disaccharide is formed by a condensation reaction between a glucose molecuhqk;t q o9p1k*3pfy,,qp 8h( pd7d ywjle and a fructose molecule. Which molecule fits this d3j,qk9wd7q( tpp dk8fypp;yqh*ho1 ,escription?

  What bond is formed between two glucose .xox+-eyijx 0 molecules to form maltose?

  What is the product of t4aehw ak,08thd0dh .c q-fd3n:pvx f.his reaction?

  Which of the following is a steroid? dqb 7k.78p c n62 dh1allvjlm/

  Which row in the table below co pa;lsl 3uigy8;0mr/orrectly identifies the the constituents of the named macromo;url3 p0gia;/s8y om llecules?

  The diagram below shows the structure of 2jzi(m98ld1 lnju t9 gh42c;oi different monomers.



1.State the name of the following:

1.1.structure A:α-  
1.2.structure B:  

2.State the name of a polymer which contains the following molecules:

2.1.structure A:starch OR glycogen OR amylose OR amylopectin
2.2.structure B:ribonucleic acid OR   

1.Distinguish between the formation and breq /favtg(* c p8vie+w wjm+a90aking down of a polymer.

2.Compare and contrast carbohydrates, lipids and proteins.

  Which statement(s) about starch and e50w5c;r tjtmglycogen is/are correct?
I. Starch and glycogen are branched molecules.
II. Starch is made up β− glucose molecules but glycogen is made up of α− glucose molecules.
III. Starch and glycogen are energy storing polysaccharides.

  Which of the following is only able to trigger a response in a ceb,v: n:camrkb; xbc8rx(60z1 b4zzoqll by binding to a receptor in t8(: z01xv,;z ck ob 4rb xbcrbq:mzan6he plasma membrane?

The micrograph shows a part of a plant cell) 2l9tqa2r(fo8;gqp+, ptdw vy lj sf8 from the leaf of Anemone sp.


1.Label structures in the plant cell above:

1.1.using the letter R where starch can be found;
1.2.using the letter S where lipids can be found;
1.3.using the letter T where cellulose can be found.

2.Compare and contrast between the structure and functions of glycogen and starch.

  Which molecule diagram is e+aw5(/r2wanvlc b b 8correctly matched to the name?

  Eating a healthy, balanuyi g, e2 rx08fqc(mq3k/u4t jced diet is important in order to maintain overall health anmuexutqqrg,k /(04iyf 8c32jd a strong immune system. A healthy diet means eating a wide variety of food whilst limiting the consumption of foods which are considered to be less healthy, such as those high in saturated fats.

In an investigation into the effects of diet on low-density lipoprotein levels (LDL) in the blood, scientists provided two groups of mice with varied diets. Each group was given 5g of food per day, containing a mixture of a standard food mix and either avocado or cheese. The ratios of the food were changed each day and blood LDL levels were recorded. The diets and results are shown in the tables and graph.



1.1.Describe the impact on blood LDL levels when feeding mice diets supplemented with avocado or cheese.

1.2.Explain the differences between results from both groups.

1.3.Suggest a reason for the trend shown in LDL levels in group one.

2.State which group is most at risk of heart disease and stroke. Give a reason for your answer.

3.1.Suggest one advantage of using mice in this experiment instead of humans.

3.2.State one variable, not mentioned in the question, which would need to be controlled in this experiment in order to achieve valid results.

4.For mice fed with cheese, calculate how many times greater the LDL levels were on day 5 compared to day 2.
Day 2 =  

  Which molecules form nhy )n y)n 8b-;4appp)wsrx;ua triglyceride?

Distinguish between the structure of c2o k -/ qxxqf)4fk4vzcellulose, starch and glycogen.

  Which molecule is shown in the diagt0k*eu8zmbow ;d q d-,ram below?

  Which monosaccharides are matched to incorrecfjv ip76v d,5ct disaccharides?

  Which of the following is the correct composi9x*qch bgc.ny ie2 /v7tion of the named polysaccharide?

  Which of the followinnr+ id4bais;4 72 ) 8kxbltombg statements describes alpha-Linolenate, as depicted in the diagram bet7k s+ b44niid;8xr b bam2l)olow?

Molecules used in metabolism can be classified as carboacg*ma5mh .jhu3 8bl7 hydrates, lipids, and proteins. These molecules are often broken down into simpler unl8ucag* h5 j .3abhm7mits which are then involved in different metabolic reactions.

1.Identify two disaccharides and the monomers from which they are formed.

2.Draw a labeled molecular diagram to show a generalized amino acid.

3.Discuss the theory of vitalism and its falsification.

1.Palmitic acid is an example of a saturated fatty acid with a 16 fkiz ees4hy3l-09* o9ftt4ah carbon chain. Draw the struczy toa4f30elsi49-h9 *fketh ture of a palmitic acid.

2.Testosterone is a steroid hormone, which is carried in the blood. Explain how, when testosterone reaches its target cells, it brings about its effect on the DNA of that cell.

3.Explain how the structure of cellulose and glycogen are related to their functions.