1. Which of the followinmh*,*g 9 qhocyg could be part of the description of a forest habitat on a mountain?oyqhg**h9 c ,m
I. The community in the forest.
II. The population of a species.
III. The annual mean rainfall.
IV. The location of the mountain range

  2. Which of the following are conditions required for coral reef formatsun54y99 x o2e53djnln j ;iwfion in an o4x25lenyjufd5; 9nw js i93oncean?
I. Appropriate salinity of the water.
II. The presence of coral grazing species.
III. The annual mean temperature of the ocean between 22 and 27°C.
IV. The depth of the water allows sunlight to reach the reef.

  3. Which one of the following is a correct feature of a tud,o8hs 1w(y)y yyb0y is:uqf5ndra biome but not for a y yhsyi:5,1qd ofy(s)yw0u 8btaiga biome?

  4. What is the best description of the limits of i ;eruggr3)o*e m 6iuri*(;b 33rkhwy:xoo z: tolerance of a species?

(a) Divided leaves

(b) Low stomatal densg-y,; ywuc 8 ,l,gbixpb/9wsfn *sf c;ity

(c) Leaves at the top of tall stes 9djbn.pzxq4o+4i5 ke6 y f1kms.

(a) List the two abiotic factors that are the determinants of the type ohz*d fk; fsc1-f terrestrial biomezd*1- cfk hsf;.

(b) Suggest one example of an area occupied by q5 lgikas91xx-,w gk:one these biomes that may change due to global warminlkxg kgq1as:w-5x9 , ig. Suggest a reason why this change may happen.

7. Borislava is an ecologist. She is responsible for thevh4tslu f 3j, c;m7yl0 protected areas of a beachty04 fv,s3mll c7 ;ujh on the Mediterranean coast of Spain. The area is protected because there are populations of rare plants adapted to the sand dune habitat which is a hostile environment for many plant species. The conservation areas are each of approximately 100x50m.

Explain how to carry out a line transect to monitor the distribution of plants in this part of the beach.

8. Outline three ways in which plants avoid being consumed by herbivu+ u(b:tvi-asrtxwqb 03 a+j3orous animals.w :vut su(a bbqx-+3 ari3t0j+