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习题练习：Physics Unit15: Laws of Thermodynamics
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 作者: admin    总分: 71分  得分: _____________

答题人: 游客未登录  开始时间: 22年08月15日 12:53  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the T-V graph inwo* s9 fukv8 3*zz+drs an


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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isothermal process, tzu/-lszx7ds; 82 q ldchere is no change in

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodynamicsuglb 55jzr4m )ad 1hx;, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isothermal process,

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is expanded to twice its original volume+mlghvu +q+zkt z(rr f;v5yn d, htf *;r(,hf( with no change in its temperature. This process 5d;n lfv(;r,r(ffvzg mh,rh + zht(+ yqkut+ *is

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5#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed isot h:ftl u,2go3ghermally from 30 L to 20 L. During this process, 6.0 J of energy isuflgg h2t3 o:, expended by the external mechanism that compressed the gas. What is the change of internal energy for this gas?

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6#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed to one-half its original ei uc9ey : yv3lcyp9 :hk6l*6g,s hgg gw5b7.bvolume during an isothermal process. yl. ig gsb*:,yb6g:vcwe5 hc9h6k7pg3el9y uThe final pressure of the gas

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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is expanded isothermally from 20 L to 30 L5 vt1a/m*hpn jm-)rf r. During this process, 6 J of energy is expended by the external mechanism*a1hf)vn -m /ptr rm5j that expanded the gas. Which of the following statements is correct?

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is quickly comp 9 yzf d3i;hs:d3xnn;pressed in an isolated environment. During the event, the gas exchanged no heat w ;dnyn 3psx h3z;ifd:9ith its surroundings. This process is

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9#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodd-bk o.nnxc)32b2q 8)3 axlrhr yxop*ynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an adiabatic process,

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10#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic ideal gas is compressed to one-half its /ay6c 2 2bzdlworiginal volume during an adiabatic process. T6a l2dwbc /2yzhe final pressure of the gas

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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas identical in all respects except that onrp5q rm lu2;c177km+4qz xgnde contains uq ;77k+5r2x1lm zcpqdrnmg4 $O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater temperature increase?

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas identical in all respects except txa:mwf6a/ 3ztrz ec; :hat one contains c a x3mfzwat;:/:e6rz$O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater pressure increase?

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the PV diq+y 3dk*sq 7p s(yoaj5;ypfq8agram is an


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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isobaric process,(jprn l-;xdqp 5dbj d-a.+0jg x-dse1 there is no change in

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law o,x74n.dja 0fpb0o xjff thermodynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isobaric process,

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is allowed to expand at constant pressure as heat is added to it. 6ekkbk-(3oap This process is baoek36p-k( k

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy are transferred to az2dn vvvnpe-au:dc0as ,+eu; : 3 c1im sample of ideal gas at constant pressure. As a result, the internamdua3i zvp+uc :1d n;2evnec-, s0va:l energy of the gas

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the PVat.n;p-ya uu5 5 fmnw+:m/g pr diagram is


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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, there is no ch/mfo*j3*v2 : gcyrzbo ange in

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodynamics, *a pgxk8c5sv3vk8a+udg 9t+ e$Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isochoric process,

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is confined to a rigid coh 47;vnsbl;ymt i; :j*g tlqk3wa+u3hntainer that cannot expand as heat energy is added to it. This proce j;lkwlhtu;q;y7+ish bv g 3*ta3m 4:nss is

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy are transferred to a sample of ideal gas at cox(b.kvhzn,al*.h2 fk nstant volume. As a result, the internal energy of the gbv(.a nx2zh.hf kl*,k as

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23#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first law of the5-m6x.97 u:ajy.bhum; koavusx*c vg rmodynamics.
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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer heael +dir 3b5r,ct from a hot reservoir to a cold reservoir?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer heat from a cold reservoir to a hot res6 +mpcnbu u2i6ervoir?

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26#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second law of thermodynamics according to Clausnwv4v-0uun q9kpl ;y.ius.
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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is taken through the cycle illustrated here. 2x kdi0yuq((l During one cycle, how much work is done by anl uxq(20yik (d engine operating on this cycle?


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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a heat en:sa )oc c80-hdx1c39gavowjegine is defined as the ratio of

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the theoretical efficiency of a Car +a 0-clcr .udol gpz*;fu3zunl 11g/znot engine is to be 100%, the heat sink must bc.ldou- g f1 zu/ulc;3g1pzn0*z l+are

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A Carnot cycle consioq)m.g(izs19,hq9 q zu umtr-sts of

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31#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give the Kelvin-Planck statement of the second law jey*gx 3 +pwh10 0m8uqffucdjo;/wy2of thermodynamics.
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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performance (COP) of a refrigerator is defin14:n ds:vty p,c9 aap l0qrq98dfuhh1 ed as the ratio ofld4h1ad90upc,q1rt9q: y 8avh npf:s

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performance (COP) of a heat pump is define kpgu2 w5wgj8.d as the ratio of

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When water freezes, tur pr/da q2a y:r7z+o,yj9bn.he entropy of the water

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  According to the second law of thermpqeh1 4 4lswu,odynamics, for any process that may occur within an isolat wl41p she4qu,ed system, which one of the choices applies?

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36#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give a general statement of 4z(hunor3s 9 rthe second law of thermodynamics.
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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The second law of thermodynamics leads uv t h.;9dzbjm1s to conclude that

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5.0 J of heat is removed fromnywm+bwc3q( s 8 yfq5o2qqo.9 an ideal gas. What is the change in internal energmw5wqy9qcsy(. 3qb 28o+nq foy?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5.0 J 8 m pgki /ss2*cyhi*31r4tmroof heat is removed from an ideal gas. What is the work done in tig4c r* m31*t2ykr h mos8isp/he process?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The work done on an ideal gas system ivpn70z +3(z;5n jsh bu)jqcbnn an isothermal process is -400 J. What is the change in internal 0 b(qn+;bjuh3zcv sjp75) znnenergy?

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  200 J of work is done in compressing a gas adiabatically. What is the change in zrc0/t xv0 ,:ggiybh+ internal energy o+hbzg,rivc /00 gx:t yf the gas?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas undergoes an adiabatic process while doing 25 J of work. What i-p/jm 7hl 7u8rmqt6t/nyd*gzts s(.m s the change in 87ds(rtztp7jys gmq /l-m.6n hut/*minternal energy?

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the irp-.e arthigrm3 468joz8t 8hnternal energy of a system decreases by 50 J. Wha3 mi68h4-rj ettogzhra 8p.r 8t is the work done?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the in p.b 6 yuqu.:9s;lmpibsx8.e zternal energy of a system decreases by 50 J. Whasiy:upbu6 m9.8;qzbxl. .pset is the heat exchange?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A certain amount of a monatomic gas is maintained at const+ vnacis zfq6, -n-,taant volume as it is cooled by 50 K., 6a,vzs -itnqc +n-af This feat is accomplished by removing 400 J of energy from the gas. How much work is done by the gas?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic gas is coo1 82fa oolv0guled by 50 K at constant volume when 831 J of energy is removed from 2vu10aoo gf l8it. How many moles of gas are in the sample?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A system consists of 3. ,fp)e,t/l9bh;kjikku csy 8;0 kg of water at $80 ^{\circ}C$. 30 J of work is done on the system by stirring with a paddle wheel, while 66 J of heat is removed. What is the change in internal energy of the system?

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine receives 7000 J of heat avdig,b-( oqzgz0djl9h*9k4h .+ jso bnd loses 3000 J in each cycle. What is the efficiencv*d zk-lz0o +9dh94sjggqj . ,(ibob hy?

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiency of 35.0% and re:q ces 8)iywx 1jonb2(ceives 150 J of heat per cycle. How much work does iiwbe2:o1 xsncy )jq8( t perform in each cycle?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiency of 35.0% and rec6k-vzq8s i3(jatd :o deives 150 J of heat per cycle. How much heat does it exhaust in s8jkqvo 6d:zt d-ia (3each cycle?

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51#
 
  303

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal of heat each cycle and exhausts 42 kcal. Calcul*lw )fickod8zlq 3*/ hate twlk f*l8dzic3qo/*)hhe efficiency of each cycle.

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal of heat each cycle and exhausts r12fr)t tmhlms7l v79 o3arj642 kcal. Calculate the work dlrrt3rmtjam7 617ho9f 2slv)one each cycle.

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far has the following charact+4f4ohio,0bg p2maf,co1 / mkku:km neristics: combustion chamber temperature =kf0ao:c kfbp1 n 44 ,mk mg,/m+ihouo2 $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the actual efficiency of this engine?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far has the following s; c:,0v4m-e kv( +tjyhermrh characteristics: combustion chamber t vrs,-rv+:mh hc4 jmk(;ee t0yemperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the Carnot efficiency of this engine?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far has the fol g3tvw*gnbghtoe/2h **t/hx 6lowing characteristics: combustion cx/hv3g * gehwg*bno 6tt2 th/*hamber temperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the power output of this engine?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electric power. The nym 4d6m. 2hptplant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the overall efficiency of the plant for generating electric power?

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electric power. Th2h)c*fk 9)st u gz2xwde plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the Carnot efficiency?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of ele,bn9id0;o fh, n/ou uz)2f/b awrd)bgc9cv)jctric power. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. How much thermal energy is exhausted each day?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the Carnot efficie6wxycp-g 7eu0ncy of an engine which operates between $450 ^{\circ}K$ and $310 ^{\circ}K$?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the maximum theoretical effic6, vthm9)mh-c:je m- v ;glrfniency possible for an engine operating betwvt;gv-9:e m f6m-l h,njchr)meen $100 ^{\circ}C$ and $400 ^{\circ}C$?

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62#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a Carnot engine is 35.0%. What is the temperatugl3m ( hqgi;r+.bxg.u re of the cold reservoir if the tempe;.ih mul.(b+qg gxgr3rature of the hot reservoir is $500 ^{\circ}K$?

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63#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine operating between dul.x6a;kqad* a +47v8ifjer$40 ^{\circ}C$ and $380 ^{\circ}C$ has an efficiency 60% of that of a Carnot engine operating between the same temperatures. If the engine absorbs heat at a rate of 60 kW, at what rate does it exhaust heat?

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64#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat from the freezing compf d) n69y5(/aqvgacr n7irl2eartment at the rate of 20 kJ and ejects 24 kJ into a room per cycle. How much work is required in each cycle? 7aq2ya rcl6 n59i/(nerfv)gd

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65#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat from the freezing compartment at the rfl+ g)*nprb+ iate of 20 kJ and ejects 24 kJ into a roo*rf )ln++ igbpm per cycle. What is the coefficient of performance?

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66#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During each cycle of operation, a refnnb,d6tqfuesk331 k/ x 3:ht x.tlk g/rigerator absorbs 230 J of heat from the freezer and expels 356 J of heat to the room. How much work input is required in each cycg bksu nkxtql k x6fhde:3 n3//t3t.1,le?

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67#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the change in entropy when 50 g of ice b qs,6y75sobymelt at $0 ^{\circ}C$?

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68#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When 0.50 kg of ice freezes, 31xxcl*-j/oxe yves, the change in entropy is

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69#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  1.0 kg of steam at $100 ^{\circ}C$ condenses to water at $100 ^{\circ}C$. What is the change in entropy in the process?

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70#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A container of ideal gas at STP undergoes an isother e xxl97 4rpe.cw4uf-pmal expansion and its entropy changesf cx.4px7-l 4r9eu wep by
3.7 J/e K. How much work does it do?

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71#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A piece of metal at ep jt z 2*cw6weq74m+n-kpa) d$80 ^{\circ}C$ is placed in 1.2 L of water at $72 ^{\circ}C$. The system is thermally isolated and reaches a final temperature of $75 ^{\circ}C$. Estimate the approximate change in entropy for this process.

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